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NECESSARY HINTS AND PRECAUTIONS IN BIOLOGICAL DRAWING

Many of the times, practical work in Biology involves making labeled diagrams of the specimen under study. Since this is a very important aspect of practical work in biology a useful hint is offered here on how to achieve maximum results.
  1. Always use sharp pencil point (so far it permits you to draw without piercing the paper) to draw and label your diagram. Blunt pencils will spoil your diagram.Note HB type pencil grade is preferred above other pencil grades.
  2. Make sure the diagram of your Specimen is drawn according to Specification or require view. This can be transverse or cross Section, longitudinal or vertical section, dorsal or upper view, ventral or lower view, lateral or side view, anterior or Font view, it can also be posterior or back view. Make sure you are fmiliar with drawings in these various views of organism and draw the specified one.
  3. Make sure lines and curves in your diagrams are in thin but clearly visible lines. Avoid wooly and unnecessary double lines in your diagrams.
  4. Avoid shading your diagrams.
  5. Label your diagrams fully using horizontal straight lines that are parallel to the top edge of the paper. The lines must not cross each other: you can place the labels on each sides of the diagram and use no arrow head at the end of the guide line.
  6. Heading of Diagrams should be stated below or above your diagrams.
  7. You should specify the magnification or scale of the specimen's diagram. Work out the scale and write it in bracket at the end of the heading of the diagram. For instance, if a diagram is twice the size of the specimen then the scale is 'times 2' you write it as (x2) but if it is half of the specimens size you write it as (x1/2) or (0.5). e.g. Diagram of the longitudinal section of a mammalian eye (x2).
Students should specially note that some leading lines used for labeling in some diagrams of this book may not be in its true practical sense i.e they may not always be parallel to each other. This is because this is not exclusively a practical text. It is also a workbook, but when a question requires practical biology solution it is expected that such should strictly follow the enumerated guidelines above.